Catfish Broodstock Selection
Choosing broodstock for hatchery catfish need to start due to the fact that potential broodstock are nevertheless about 5-10 cm in size. Choose catfish that have most suitable residences such as no defects, have a appropriate physique shape, agile movements, the quickest boom in contrast to others. Then hold the candidates for top of the line breeders in a separate renovation pool. Maintaining potential broodstock will be higher if dealt with extra preferably, through supplying exceptional feed and suitable irrigation.
Selection of potential broodstock for catfish hatchery is finished each and every two weeks. Do now not forget about to separate through dimension so they are no longer together cannibal. Do it normally till you get a definitely exact broodstock. Male catfish can be used as broodstock after eight months of age, whereas for woman catfish at least one yr old. Good broodstock weight of at least 0.5 kg.
After the potential breeders are of adequate age and size, pick breeders that appear fit, free of disorder and precise physique structure for the spawning process. The broodstock to be breeded have to be maintained in a one of a kind pool. Separate between male and woman so that fertilization does now not appear outdoor the plan.
Special pool serves to preserve the potential mum or dad till the gonad is ready. Give correct first-class feed to speed up gonad maturity. The quantity of feed that need to be given to potential moms is at least 3-5% of their physique weight each and every day and is given with a frequency of 3-5 instances a day. The density of ponds for elevating broodstock have to now not exceed 6 birds per m2. From this pool catfish brooders that meet the standards for mature gonads, are taken to be breeded.
The mature female gonads have the following characteristics:
- The abdomen enlarges toward the anus, when touched it feels soft
- If sorted, dark green eggs will come out
- The genitals are reddish and look swollen
- Body color turns reddish brown
- His movements are slow
- As for male broodstock for catfish hatchery
- should have the following characteristics:
- His body is slim
- Her genitals turned red
- Body color will look reddish brown
- His movements are agile
Catfish spawning techniques
Spawning or mating fish for catfish hatchery can be finished by using a number methods, both herbal and intensive. Natural spawning is a marriage that does now not require human intervention in the method of fertilizing an egg with sperm. While intensive spawning is a marriage technique that requires human intervention in the method of fertilization. There are quite a few famous techniques in many instances used for intensive catfish breeding, namely:
Hypophysis injection\
Artificial hormone injection
In vitro fertilization (in tubes)
To locate out in greater element about the strategies above, please study the article on how to spawn catfish.
Larval rearing
From the spawning technique will produce fish larvae that need to be raised in the subsequent stage of catfish hatchery. Separate larvae from the mother. Pool water excellent for larval rearing should be maintained. Try to have aeration with aerotor to grant oxygen. Pool temperature need to be maintained in the vary 28-29oC. At temperatures under 25oC, typically white spots will structure on the larvae that purpose mass death.
If there is a exchange in temperature, attempt no longer to show up in the extreme. Changes in pond temperature must no longer fluctuate extra than 1oC. Many larvae do no longer tolerate altering temperatures.
Another vital factor is to preserve the pool clean. Clean the pool from the filth and the rest of the feed with a sponge. Stools and leftover meals can reason ammonia fuel which can set off the demise of larvae
The larvae nevertheless elevate meals in themselves, so they do not want to be fed for up to 3-4 days. After the meals furnish runs out, the larvae have to be straight away fed. Feed can be in the shape of boiled egg yolks. Take the yellow part, mash till easy and combine with 1 liter of smooth water. The answer is ample for 100,000 larvae.
After the larvae are one week old, supply silk worm feed (Tubifex sp.). This worm has excessive dietary price and is desired via newly grown fish seeds. Feed in the structure of worms is mild maintenance, due to the fact it can stay in water and does no longer pollute the pond. Thus minimizing the threat of poisoning due to residual rotting food.
Silk worms are given till the larvae are three weeks ancient or 1-2 cm in size. After that, the larvae can be stated to have grow to be fish seeds and prepared to be given flour-shaped pellets.
Breeding seeds Catfish
Nursery is a stage for releasing fish seeds into a brief rearing place. The nursery manner is one of the vital degrees in hatchery catfish. The nursery is typically a small pond with strict environmental settings. This stage is wished due to the fact fish seeds are nevertheless inclined to pests, illnesses and severe environmental changes. Fish seeds are bred till they are equipped to be stocked in large ponds.
a. Prepare a nursery pool
Nursery ponds for catfish hatchery can be in the structure of soil ponds, cement ponds or ponds from tarpaulins. There is no advocated region for nursery ponds. But it is higher no longer to be too broad, so that it is less difficult to control, for instance the dimension of two × three or three × four m with a depth of 0.75-1 meters pool. The pool should additionally be viable to installation color such as paranet, to keep away from seed dying due to the warm solar in the dry season.
In making ready a nursery pond, pay shut interest to the inlet and exit floodgates. Use a tender internet so the seeds can't go the water channel and no pests from outdoor are added into the pond. Dry the pond earlier than use. It is higher if the pool is dried in the solar to get rid of germs that may also continue to be from preceding activities. Specifically for the kind of floor pond that will be used for catfish hatchery, do soil remedy and fertilize the pond bottom.
Charging pond water for hatchery catfish, have to be executed in stages. In the preliminary stage, fill the pond with a depth of 20-30 cm. This is due to the fact fish seeds are nonetheless very small, if the pool is too deep in the seed it will be tough to swim upwards and take oxygen from the air. After the seeds grow, add depth to the pond gradually, regulate to the measurement of the fish seed.
b. Release of seeds
Catfish seeds can be transferred to nursery ponds after three weeks of age due to the fact that hatching at the spawning grounds. Or, about 1-2 cm long. Stocking density of catfish seeds levels from 300-600 tails per m2.
Small fish seeds are very touchy to excessive environmental changes. Therefore, transferring fish seeds to a nursery pond requires caution. The trick, Use a container or plastic bucket, then fill it with the unique pool till it is full. Take the fish seeds the usage of a great net, then put it in the container earlier.
After the container is full, carry it up and go it to the nursery pool. Then tilt, so that the water in the container merges with the nursery water. Let stand for a second and let the fish seeds swim out through themselves from the container.
c. Catfish hatchery feed
When the seeds are nonetheless 1-2 cm in size, use pellet flour which has a protein content material of extra than forty percent, due to the fact at that age catfish seeds want a lot of protein for development. The kind of feed furnished can be in the structure of PSC pellets or DO-A shrimp feed. This kind of feed have to be careful, due to the fact the feed will sink and accumulate at the backside of the pond. The accumulation of leftovers will structure ammonia which is risky for fish seeds. Furthermore, fish seeds can be transferred to the nursery pond.
If the fish has reached the dimension of 2-3 cm, provide F999 or PF1000 feed, or pellets in the shape of small granules. Give this feed at least up to 4-6 cm in size. In principle, the measurement of the feed have to be adjusted to the opening of the fish seed mouth.
Feed is given with a frequency of 4-5 instances a day. When feeding can be executed in the morning, afternoon, nighttime and night. Because catfish are nocturnal or are energetic at night, the element of the night time feed ought to be greater. The length of the nursery manner is round 5-6 weeks or till the catfish seeds are 5-7 cm in size.
Catfish hatchery
Catfish hatchery takes 8-9 weeks from seed hatching. The dimension of catfish seeds equipped for harvest stages from 5-7 cm. Harvesting is achieved via drying the pond water slowly till the fish accumulate at a deep factor or channel channel. Then take the fish with a clean net. Take fish carefully, due to the fact the seed is nonetheless inclined if it has a wound on the floor of its body. Catch fish seeds in a container that has been stuffed with water from the identical pool so that the fish do now not trip stress.
The ultimate however vital aspect in hatchery catfish, is to put together customers for seeds that are equipped to harvest. Because if the harvest time is delayed due to the fact there are no consumers for the seeds, the farmers have to undergo greater preservation costs. At the end, the longer the harvest is delayed, the thinner the margin will be obtained by using the cultivator.
References
Alamtani. 2019. How to hatch catfish. Downloaded from the web page https://alamtani.com/ hatchery-ikan-lele/
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